West Nile Virus
West Nile Virus in New Jersey
What is West Nile Virus?
West Nile Virus is one of a family of viruses that can be transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito.
How does West Nile Virus spread?
Mosquitoes can become infected with West Nile Virus by feeding on birds that have the virus in their bloodstream. Once a mosquito is infected with the virus it can transmit the virus to humans, birds, horses or other mammals through a bite.
Can I get West Nile Virus directly from crows or other people?
There is no evidence to date suggesting that humans can get West Nile Virus by touching a dead bird. However, it is strongly suggested for general sanitary reasons that you use protective gloves when handling any sick or injured bird. West Nile Virus is NOT transmitted from person to person.
Why is the State testing birds, especially crows, for West Nile Virus?
Crows appear to be highly sensitive to the virus and provide a barometer for us to detect West Nile Virus activity in your community. Knowledge of positive birds in your area allows mosquito control agencies to perform more targeted surveillance and control activities.
If an infected mosquito bites me how long would it take to develop symptoms?
Most people bitten by infected mosquitoes do not develop any symptoms. However, when symptoms of infection do occur, the usually appear five (5) to fifteen (15) days from the time you were bitten.
What are the symptoms of West Nile Virus infection?
Most people who are infected show no or only mild symptoms such as: low-grade fever, headache and occasionally swollen lymph glands. Most severe signs and symptoms can include: high fever, stiff neck, muscle weakness, disorientation, brain inflammation (encephalitis), coma and, rarely, death.
What should I do if I think I have been infected with West Nile Virus?
Contact your family physician.
How is West Nile Virus treated?
There is no specific treatment for West Nile Virus. In more severe cases, patients are treated with supportive therapy, which can include hospitalization, intravenous (IV) fluids and respiratory support.
If I live in an area with positive birds and mosquitoes will I get West Nile Virus?
It is highly unlikely. Even in areas where mosquitoes do carry the virus very few mosquitoes are infected (less than 1%). If the mosquito is infected, less than 1% of people who get bitten and become infected will get severely ill. The chances that you will become severely ill from any one-mosquito bite are extremely small.
Control and Prevention:
What can I do to reduce my risk of getting West Nile Virus?
1. Wear long pants and long sleeved shirts when outdoors particularly at dawn and dusk.
2. Make sure screens on windows and doors are in good condition.
3. Use mosquito repellent when outdoors. Be sure to use according to the label – less than 10% DEET for children.
4. Eliminate standing water, old tires, cans and blocked gutters from your property.
5. Maintain your swimming pool. Empty or cover swimming pool when not in use.
6. Keep birdbaths clean. Change the water at least once a week.
7. Report mosquito concerns to your local mosquito control agency.
Contact your county mosquito control agency for more information about mosquitoes and how you can best control them.
Mosquitoes need water to breed and grow. Almost anything that holds water for one week or longer can produce these pests. To eliminate mosquito problems, eliminate any standing water on your property.
If I find a dead bird on my property what should I do?
Place the dead bird in a plastic bag and bring it to the Health Department.
What should I do if I notice a lot of mosquitoes on my property?
Contact your county mosquito control agency to schedule an inspection of your property.
For additional information:
Bergen County Mosquito Commission
Jerome Avenue
Paramus, NJ 07652
201-634-2880
http://www.co.bergen.nj.us/ – click onto All Depts. & Agencies/scroll down to Mosquito Division
www.rci.rutgers.edu/~insects/njmos.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/index.htm